Question bank

Chapter-1   Natural Resources and Their Sustainable Use
Q-1 True or False.
a) Non-renewable resources can be replenished in a short time.
b) Overuse of forests, water, and soil can disturb nature’s balance.
c) Plastic does not cause any harm to aquatic life.
d) Renewable resources include sunlight, wind, and water.
e) Human beings are the most important resource because of their skills and knowledge.
f) Ubiquitous resources are found only in specific locations.
g) Organic farming can increase biodiversity and farmers’ incomes.
Q-2 Short Type Questions
a) Define natural resources.
b) Give two examples of non-renewable resources.

c) How did Sikkim benefit from organic farming?

d) What are human-made resources? Give two examples.

e) Name two traditional water conservation methods revived in Rajasthan.

f) Why is responsible use of resources important?

g) Mention one environmental impact of excessive plastic use.

Q-3 Fill in the blanks.
a) Resources that can renew themselves naturally are called ________.
b) The process of using resources carefully for future generations is called ________.
c) Cement, steel, and glass production can cause ________.
d) In Alwar, Rajasthan, ________ were revived to conserve water.
e) Over extraction of ________ has caused water scarcity in Punjab and Rajasthan.
f) ________ are natural resources that contain life.
g) Human resources improve through ________ and health.
Q-4 Long Type Questions
a) Explain the difference between renewable and non-renewable resources with examples.
b) Discuss how overexploitation of groundwater affects agriculture and daily life.
c) Describe the process by which nature transforms into resources.
d) Explain the role of human beings as a resource in using natural resources efficiently.
e) How can sustainable use of resources help in protecting the environment and ensuring livelihoods?
Q-5

Match the Columns correctly.
Q-6

Distinguish between:

1. Biotic and Abiotic Resources

2. Actual and Potential Resources

Multiple Choice Questions
Q-1 Which of the following is a renewable resource?

(i)

Coal

(ii)

Petroleum

(iii)

Solar energy

(iv)

Iron
Q-2 Resources that contain life are called

(i)

Abiotic

(ii)

Biotic

(iii)

Non-renewable

(iv)

Human-made
Q-3 What does lokasangraha emphasise?

(i)

Acting for personal profit

(ii)

Using resources carelessly

(iii)

Acting for the wellbeing of all

(iv)

Rapid industrialisation
Q-4 Which material’s production releases greenhouse gases and causes deforestation?

(i)

Glass

(ii)

Steel

(iii)

Plastic

(iv)

Cement
Q-5 Which Indian state became completely organic in 2016?

(i)

Rajasthan

(ii)

Punjab

(iii)

Sikkim

(iv)

Tamil Nadu
Q-6 Human-made resources are created by using

(i)

Sunlight only

(ii)

Natural resources and technology

(iii)

Water alone

(iv)

Soil only
Q-7 Which practice helps in recharging groundwater?

(i)

Excessive borewells

(ii)

Rainwater harvesting

(iii)

Using chemical fertilisers

(iv)

Deforestation
Chapter-2   Reshaping India’s Political Map
Q-1 True or False.
a) The Sayyids were the last dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate.
b) Sher Shah Suri introduced the Rupiya as a standard coin.
c) Akbar encouraged translation of Sanskrit texts into Persian.
d) Aurangzeb abolished the jizya tax.
e) The Rajputs of Mewar resisted Mughal expansion under Maharana Pratap.
f) The Sikh Khalsa was founded by Guru Nanak.
g) Timur’s invasion strengthened the Delhi Sultanate.
Q-2 Fill in the blanks.
a) The Delhi Sultanate consisted of ______ dynasties.
b) Ala-ud-din Khilji successfully checked invasions of the ______.
c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq shifted the capital to ______.
d) The First Battle of Panipat (1526) was fought between Babur and ______.
e) Akbar abolished the tax known as ______.
f) Aurangzeb reimposed the ______ tax on non-Muslims.
g) The Ahoms followed the unique administrative system called the ______ system.
Q-3 Short Type Questions
a) Write two achievements of Ala-ud-din Khilji.
b) Why did Muhammad bin Tughlaq’s currency system fail?
c) Mention two features of Akbar’s policy of sulh-i-kul.
d) What was the outcome of the Battle of Panipat (1526 C.E.)?
e) State two achievements of Krishnadevaraya.
f) Who was Lachit Borphukan and why is he remembered?
g) Why did Guru Tegh Bahadur sacrifice his life?
Q-4 Long Type Questions
a) Describe the rise and fall of the Delhi Sultanate.
b) Discuss Akbar’s administration and cultural contributions.
c) Explain Aurangzeb’s military campaigns and their impact on the Mughal empire.

e) Assess the role of regional powers (Rajputs, Ahoms, Sikhs) in resisting the Delhi Sultanate and Mughals.

f) How did the Vijayanagara empire rise and decline?

Q-5

Match the columns correctly.
Q-6

Distinguish between:

1. Iqta system and Mansabdari system

2. Akbar’s religious policy and Aurangzeb’s religious policy

Multiple Choice Questions
Q-1 Who founded the Delhi Sultanate after defeating Prithviraj Chauhan?

(i)

Babur

(ii)

Ala-ud-din Khilji

(iii)

Muhammad of Ghor

(iv)

Timur
Q-2 The Sultanate ruler remembered for price control measures was:

(i)

Iltutmish

(ii)

Ala-ud-din Khilji

(iii)

Balban

(iv)

Muhammad bin Tughlaq
Q-3 Which Mughal emperor introduced the policy of sulh-i-kul?

(i)

Babur

(ii)

Humayun

(iii)

Akbar

(iv)

Aurangzeb
Q-4 Who built the Konark Sun Temple to celebrate the victories over the Sultanate?

(i)

Narasimhadeva

(ii)

Krishnadevaraya

(iii)

RanaKumbha

(iv)

Sher Shah Suri
Q-5 The Battle of Talikota (1565 CE) led to the decline of:

(i)

Delhi Sultanate

(ii)

Vijayanagara empire

(iii)

Mughal empire

(iv)

Ahom kingdom
Q-6 The Battle of Saraighat (1671) was fought between the Mughals and:

(i)

Rajputs

(ii)

Ahoms

(iii)

Sikhs

(iv)

Vijayanagara
Q-7 The Grand Trunk Road was renovated by:

(i)

Akbar

(ii)

Sher Shah Suri

(iii)

Ala-ud-din Khilji

(iv)

Ibrahim Lodi
Chapter-3   The Rise of the Marathas
Q-1 Fill in the blanks.
a) Shivaji’s father, ________, served the Deccan sultanate as a military commander.
b) The dream of self-rule or independence was called ________.
c) Shivaji escaped from house arrest in Agra using baskets of ________.
d) The capital where Shivaji’s coronation took place was ________.
e) ________ was the widow of Rajaram who led the Marathas against the Mughals.
f) The Thanjavur Maratha ruler who supported arts and science was ________.
g) The first Anglo-Maratha War began in the year ________.
Q-2 True or False.
a) Shivaji’s royal seal was inscribed in Persian.
b) Shivaji promoted the use of Marathi and Sanskrit in administration.
c) Sambhaji, Shivaji’s elder son, was captured and executed by the Mughals.
d) Tarabai acted as regent after the death of Rajaram.
e) The Marathas never had a navy of their own.
f) Serfoji II established a medical centre called Dhanwantari Mahal in Thanjavur.
g) The Anglo-Maratha wars strengthened the Maratha power in India.
Q-3 Short Type Questions
a) What role did the Bhakti movement play in preparing the ground for Maratha unity?
b) How did Dadaji Kondadev help young Shivaji?
c) Why did Shivaji focus on capturing forts?
d) Explain the importance of the Surat attack for Shivaji’s prestige.

e) What were the main duties of the Ashtapradhan Mandal?

f). Why is Kanhoji Angre remembered in Maratha history?

g) What was the outcome of the Third Battle of Panipat?

Q-4 Long Type Questions
a) Describe the rise and fall of the Marathas.
b) Explain Aurangzeb’s military campaigns and their impact on the Mughal empire.
c) How did the Vijayanagara empire rise and decline?
d) Assess the role of regional powers (Rajputs, Ahoms, Sikhs) in resisting the Delhi Sultanate and Mughals.

e). Assess the legacy of the Marathas in Indian history.

Q-5

Match the terms in Column A with their descriptions in Column B
Multiple Choice Questions
Q-1 Shivaji was born in which fort?

(i)

Raigad

(ii)

Shivneri

(iii)

Pratapgad

(iv)

Sindhudurg
Q-2 Who narrated stories from the Ramayana and Mahabharata to young Shivaji?

(i)

Jijabai

(ii)

Tarabai

(iii)

Dnyaneshwar

(iv)

Dadaji Kondadev
Q-3 The weapon wagh-nakha used by Shivaji against Afzal Khan means:

(i)

Tiger claws

(ii)

Iron mace

(iii)

Double-edged sword

(iv)

Dagger
Q-4 Which Mughal general lost his prestige after being attacked by Shivaji in Pune?

(i)

Jai Singh

(ii)

Shaista Khan

(iii)

Mir Jumla

(iv)

Aurangzeb
Q-5 The Council of Eight Ministers in Shivaji’s administration was called:

(i)

Panchayat

(ii)

Rajya Sabha

(iii)

Ashtapradhan Mandal

(iv)

Sabha Mandap
Q-6 Who was the famous Maratha admiral known for his naval victories?

(i)

Serfoji II

(ii)

Kanhoji Angre

(iii)

Mahadji Shinde

(iv)

Bajirao I
Q-7 The Third Battle of Panipat (1761 C.E.) was fought between the Marathas and:

(i)

British East India Company

(ii)

Afghan ruler Ahmad Shah Abdali

(iii)

Portuguese

(iv)

Mughals
Chapter-4   The Colonial Era in India
Q-1 True or False.
1. The Dutch mainly came to India to spread Christianity.
2. The Battle of Plassey marked the beginning of British political control in India.
3. Lord Dalhousie introduced the Subsidiary Alliance system.
4. The Great Famine of Bengal (1770 C.E.) was caused partly by heavy taxation.
5. The Revolt of 1857 was confined only to Delhi and Meerut.
6. Rani Lakshmibai fought bravely against the British in Jhansi.
7. Colonial rule improved the economic condition of Indian farmers.
Q-2 Short Type Questions
1. Define Colonialism.
2. What was the cartaz system introduced by the Portuguese?
3. Mention two reasons why European powers wanted colonies.
4. What was the main result of the Battle of Plassey (1757 C.E.)?
5. How did the Doctrine of Lapse help British expansion?
6. Write any two impacts of British education policy on the Indian society.
7. Why is the Revolt of 1857 called the First War of Independence?
Q-3 Fill in the blanks.

1. __________ was the first European to reach India by sea route.

2. The capital of Portuguese India was __________.

3. The Policy of __________ allowed British control if a ruler had no natural heir.

4. __________ was the first British settlement in India.

5. __________ wrote the famous book "Poverty and Un-British Rule" in India.

6. __________ became the symbolic leader of the Revolt of 1857.

7. The revolt of Hindu and Muslim ascetics in Bengal after the famine of 1770 C.E was called the __________.

Q-4 Long Type Questions
1. Explain the causes and results of the Revolt of 1857.
2. Describe the economic impact of the British rule on India.
3. Discuss the contributions and decline of the Portuguese, Dutch, and French in India.
4. How did British education and governance policies change the Indian society?
5. Describe the early resistance movements against the British rule and their importance.
Q-5

Match the terms in Column A with their descriptions in Column B
Q-6

Distinguish between:

1. Subsidiary Alliance and Doctrine of Lapse

2. Economic policies of the British and Traditional Indian economy

Multiple Choice Questions
Q-1 Vasco da Gama reached India in which year?

(i)

1492 C.E.

(ii)

1498 C.E.

(iii)

1505 C.E.

(iv)

1600 C.E.
Q-2 The Dutch East India Company was established in:

(i)

1602 C.E.

(ii)

1707 C.E.

(iii)

1556 C.E.

(iv)

1757 C.E.
Q-3 The Battle of Plassey was fought between:

(i)

Tipu Sultan and the British army

(ii)

Siraj-ud-Daulah and Robert Clive

(iii)

The Marathas and the British army

(iv)

The French and the Portuguese army
Q-4 The Doctrine of Lapse was introduced by:

(i)

Lord Wellesley

(ii)

Lord Dalhousie

(iii)

Lord Cornwallis

(iv)

Lord Clive
Q-5 The Indigo Revolt took place in:

(i)

Punjab

(ii)

Bengal

(iii)

Bombay

(iv)

Madras
Q-6 Who led the Santhal Rebellion of 1855–56?

(i)

Rani Lakshmibai

(ii)

Nana Saheb

(iii)

Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu

(iv)

Tantia Tope
Q-7 The Revolt of 1857 started from:

(i)

Delhi

(ii)

Lucknow

(iii)

Meerut

(iv)

Kanpur
Chapter-5   India's Electoral System
Q-1 True or False.

1. Universal Adult Franchise allows only educated citizens to vote.

2. The Election Commission of India is a constitutional body.

3. The Lok Sabha follows the Single Transferable Vote system.

4. VVPAT helps verify that the vote is recorded correctly.

5. The Model Code of Conduct prevents misuse of power during elections.

6. Postal voting is allowed only for service personnel.

7. Urban voter apathy is a major challenge in Indian elections.

Q-2 Fill in the blanks.
1. The right to vote in India is protected under Article ___________ of the Constitution.
2. The first general elections in India were held in ___________.
3. Every Indian citizen aged ___________ or above can vote.
4. The ECI ensures elections are free, fair, and ___________.
5. The voting system used in Rajya Sabha elections is called ___________.
6. EVM stands for ___________.
7. The candidate with the highest number of votes wins in the ___________ system.
Q-3 Short Type Questions
1. What is meant by Universal Adult Franchise?
2. What does Article 326 guarantee?
3. When was the Election Commission of India established?
4. What is the purpose of the Model Code of Conduct?
5. Name two technologies used to make elections transparent.
6. What is the main role of the Election Commission of India?
7. Mention one challenge faced by the Indian electoral system.
Q-4 Long Type Questions
1. Explain the meaning and importance of Universal Adult Franchise in India.
2. Describe the main functions of the Election Commission of India.
3. Write briefly about the different types of elections held in India.
4. What steps has the ECI taken to ensure inclusivity in voting?
5. What are the major challenges in India’s electoral system and how can they be solved?
Q-5

Match the following:
Multiple Choice Questions
Q-1 The right to vote in India is given under which Article of the Constitution?

(i)

Article 324

(ii)

Article 326

(iii)

Article 356

(iv)

Article 320
Q-2 Universal Adult Franchise means —

(i)

Only educated people can vote.

(ii)

Every adult citizen has the right to vote.

(iii)

Only men can vote.

(iv)

Only taxpayers can vote.
Q-3 The Election Commission of India was established in —

(i)

1947

(ii)

1949

(iii)

1950

(iv)

1952
Q-4 Which system is used in Lok Sabha elections?

(i)

Proportional representation

(ii)

Single Transferable Vote

(iii)

First-Past-the-Post

(iv)

None
Q-5 Who enforces the Model Code of Conduct during elections?

(i)

Supreme Court

(ii)

Parliament

(iii)

Election Commission of India

(iv)

President
Q-6 Which voting machine allows a voter to see a paper slip of their vote?

(i)

EVM

(ii)

VVPAT

(iii)

Ballot Box

(iv)

Counting Machine
Q-7 Who is elected by an electoral college of MPs and MLAs?

(i)

Prime Minister

(ii)

President

(iii)

Chief Justice

(iv)

Governor
Chapter-6   The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive
Q-1 Fill in the blanks.

1. The Indian Parliament is the __________ law-making body of the country.

2. The two Houses of Parliament are __________ and __________.

3. The leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha becomes the __________.

4. The Vice President of India acts as the __________ of the Rajya Sabha.

5. The Judiciary safeguards the __________ of India.

6. Members of the Legislative Assembly are known as __________.

7. The Constitution provides for a system of __________ of powers among the Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary

Q-2 True or False.
a) The Parliament of India consists only of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.
b) The Prime Minister is the nominal head of the Executive.
c) The Judiciary protects the Fundamental Rights of citizens.
d) The President gives assent to bills before they become laws.
e) The Speaker presides over the Rajya Sabha.
f) The State Assemblies perform functions similar to Parliament.
g) The Parliament and State Legislatures meet only once a year.
Q-3 Short Type Questions
a) What is meant by the term bicameral legislature?
b) What are the main functions of the Indian Parliament?
c) Who presides over the Rajya Sabha and how is this person chosen?
d) What is the importance of the Question Hour in Parliament?
e) Mention any two functions of the Judiciary.
f) Who forms the government at the State level?
g) Why is it important for citizens to stay informed about government activities?
Q-4 Short Type Questions

a) Describe the composition of the Indian Parliament.

b) Explain the process of how a bill becomes a law in Parliament.

c) Discuss the powers and functions of the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers.

d) Describe the structure and role of the Judiciary in India.

e) Explain the challenges faced by the legislatures in the effective functioning of democracy.
Q-5

Match the following:
Q-6

Distinguish between:

1. Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha

2. Union Legislature and State Legislature

Multiple Choice Questions
Q-1 The Indian Parliament consists of —

(i)

Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha

(ii)

President and Lok Sabha

(iii)

President, Lok Sabha, and Rajya Sabha

(iv)

Article 320
Q-2 The presiding officer of the Lok Sabha is —

(i)

Chairman

(ii)

Vice President

(iii)

Speaker

(iv)

Governor
Q-3 The real executive authority in India is —

(i)

The President

(ii)

The Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers

(iii)

The Vice President

(iv)

The Chief Justice
Q-4 The upper house of the Indian Parliament is known as —

(i)

Lok Sabha

(ii)

Rajya Sabha

(iii)

Vidhan Sabha

(iv)

State Assembly
Q-5 Which of the following is not a function of Parliament?

(i)

Making laws

(ii)

Enforcing laws

(iii)

Approving the budget

(iv)

Holding the Executive accountable
Q-6 Who is the ex-officio Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha?

(i)

Prime Minister

(ii)

President

(iii)

Vice President

(iv)

Speaker
Q-7 The Judiciary ensures that —

(i)

Only Parliament makes laws

(ii)

The Constitution is followed

(iii)

Elections are held regularly

(iv)

Ministers are appointed fairly
Chapter-7   Understanding the Factors of Production
Q-1 True or False.
a) Technology always replaces old methods completely.
b) India’s adult literacy rate is 100%.
c) Entrepreneurs derive satisfaction from contributing to society.
d) Labour-intensive industries require more machines than people.
e) Capital includes both money and man-made resources.
f) Social and cultural values play no role in shaping human capital.
g) Preventive healthcare helps in reducing medical costs.
Q-2 Fill in the blanks.
a) In economics, the term ________ includes soil, water, forests, minerals, and air.
b) Without ________ effort, natural resources cannot be turned into useful products.
c) Training through internships and workshops makes learning ________.
d) Healthy adults are able to work with greater energy, creativity, and ________.
e) The stock market is a place where company ________ are bought and sold.
f) Improper disposal of e-waste releases harmful substances such as ________ and mercury.
g) CSR stands for ________.
Q-3 Short Type Questions
a) Define factors of production with examples.
b) What is meant by human capital?
c) How does education contribute to human development?
d) Give two differences between labour-intensive and capital-intensive industries.
e) Why is capital considered the backbone of economic activities?
f) Mention two responsibilities of businesses towards workers.
g) What role did Scandinavian cultural values play in their economic progress?
Q-4 Short Type Questions
a) Explain the role of land and natural resources in production. Why should they be used responsibly?
b) Discuss the challenges to human capital development in India.
c) Describe the importance of entrepreneurship in economic growth with suitable examples.
d) How does technology act as an enabler of production? Give examples.
e) What responsibilities do businesses have towards natural resources, labour, and society? Explain with examples.
Q-5

Match the following:
Multiple Choice Questions
Q-1 Which of the following is NOT a factor of production?

(i)

Land

(ii)

Labour

(iii)

Money alone

(iv)

Technology
Q-2 Human effort improved with education, training, and healthcare is called:

(i)

Natural wealth

(ii)

Human capital

(iii)

Social capital

(iv)

Physical capital
Q-3 Country, that is often associated with the cultural value of “discipline and dedication” leading to rapid progress:

(i)

Brazil

(ii)

South Korea

(iii)

Sri Lanka

(iv)

Australia
Q-4 Which of these sectors is labour-intensive?

(i)

Satellite launch

(ii)

Semiconductor industry

(iii)

Handicrafts

(iv)

Automobile manufacturing
Q-5 A person who introduces new ideas, takes risks, and organises resources is called:

(i)

Labourer

(ii)

Entrepreneur

(iii)

Manager

(iv)

Investor
Q-6 Which of the following examples shows responsible use of resources?

(i)

Overuse of groundwater

(ii)

Dumping e-waste in open landfills

(iii)

Recycling old materials

(iv)

Untreated factory waste in rivers
Q-7 The share of profit given to shareholders is known as:

(i)

Salary

(ii)

Bonus

(iii)

Dividend

(iv)

Rent